![]() But when one of the components or regulatory mechanisms malfunctions, the circulatory process and its secondary mechanisms are compromised. In a healthy person, circulatory system components function effectively. Metabolism of oxygen and glucose (cellular combustion) produces heat, which is conducted through the circulation and warms the body. The circulatory system also transports byproducts of cellular metabolism-66% in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the lungs and the remaining 33% to the kidneys as breakdown products of protein metabolism. Its main function is to deliver oxygen and substrate (glucose) to cells. The circulatory system includes the heart, blood vessels, and regulatory controls (such as the autonomic nervous system, catecholamines, and hormones). This review of the circulatory system increases your knowledge base so you can more efficiently assess patients with signs and symptoms of cardiovascular problems. Author Guidelines and Manuscript SubmissionĬhances are you frequently care for patients with cardiac and circulatory conditions and administer drugs affecting the circulation.The function of the aorta is to carry oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body. In doing so, the oxygenated blood travels through a valve known as the aortic valve located between the left ventricle and aorta.ĭuring systole, the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle travels through the aortic valve and enters the aorta. In doing so, the blood travels through the mitral valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle.Īs we alluded to above, step 4 involves the left ventricle.ĭuring diastole, the oxygenated blood from the left atrium travels through the mitral valve and enters the left ventricle.ĭuring systole, when the heart (specifically the ventricles) are contracting, oxygenated blood from the left ventricle will be pumped forward from the left ventricle to the aorta. Step 2 involves the left atrium, the chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.ĭuring diastole, when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood, the oxygenated blood from the left atrium will flow to the left ventricle. There will be better images of the pulmonary veins shown in the images later in this post. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart, specifically the left atrium. Step 1 involves blood vessels, similar to what we saw with step 1 in the right side of the heart. Now that the deoxygenated blood has become oxygenated in the lungs, we need be able to pump the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body - which brings us to the left side of the heart.Īgain, you will see a similar general pattern with the left side of the heart as we did with the right side (blood vessel, chamber, valve, chamber, valve, blood vessel). The main pulmonary artery splits into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which we will better see in later images. The function of the main pulmonary artery is to carry deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to become oxygenated. Step 6 involves the main pulmonary artery, also known as the pulmonary trunk.ĭuring systole, the deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle travels through the pulmonary valve and enters the main pulmonary artery. In doing so, the deoxygenated blood travels through a valve known as the pulmonary valve located between the right ventricle and main pulmonary artery. Step 5 involves the pulmonary valve, also known as the pulmonic valve.ĭuring systole, when the heart (specifically the ventricles) are contracting, deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle will be pumped forward from the right ventricle to the main pulmonary artery. The Cardiac Cycle: From Diastole to SystoleĪs we alluded to above, step 4 involves the right ventricle.ĭuring diastole, the deoxygenated blood from the right atrium travels through the tricuspid valve and enters the right ventricle. Make sure to check out the below EZmed post on the cardiac cycle, where we discuss systole, diastole, and the changes in the pressure in heart during these phases! In doing so, the blood travels through the tricuspid valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle. ![]() The deoxygenated venous blood carried by the SVC and IVC enters the right atrium.ĭuring diastole, when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood, the deoxygenated blood from the right atrium will flow to the right ventricle. Step 2 involves the right atrium, the first chamber of the heart in which the deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body enters.
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